Hajj And Umrah

Hajj Guide
The greatest journey on Earth

Hajj Overview

Hajj is the fifth pillar of Islam, obligatory for any Muslims with the means to perform it; other than being an obligation it is one of the greatest blessings to be invited to perform the pilgrimage.

What is Hajj

Hajj is the annual Islamic pilgrimage that is performed in Makkah, a sacred city in Saudi Arabia. This pilgrimage is an essential religious duty for Muslims, and every adult Muslim should perform Hajj at least once in their lifetime if they have the ability, physically and economically.
Anyone who proceeds with this spiritual journey purifies their body, heart, soul and mind from their past sins.

Source: https://thepilgrim.co

Hajj sites:
The Hajj is spread accross a number of towns in the Hijaz province including: Mecca, Mina, Mudzalifah, Arafat and Medina.

Miqat Territory
The townships which mark the sacred territory where pilgrims undergo this spiritual cleansing for the donning of ihram.
The boundary is marked by townships around the Ka'bah: Al-Juhfah in the North-West, Dhul-Hulaifah in the North, Dhatul-'Irq in the North East, Qarn Al-Manazil in the East and Yalamlam in the Sourth.

Great Mosque in Mecca
Otherwise known as Al-Haram Al-Sharif is the most important Mosque in Islam.
It includes the Ka'bah in the centre and the hills of Safa and Marwah to the side.

Sa'i Area
The Sa'i running rite between the hills of Safa and Marwah.
The estimated distance between the Safa and the Marwah is about 450 meters.
This is the reason why seven rounds between the two hills total up to about 3.15 kilometers.

Tawaf Area
Tawaf area where the pilgrim makes tawaf (circumnavigates) around the Ka'bah in Mecca.
The Hijr Ismail is a semi-circular wall considered to be part of the Ka'bah, so a pilgrim must also go around it when making Tawaf.

Jamarat Area
The three stone pillars are Jamarat al-Aqaba (biggest), Jamarat al-Wusta and Jamarat al-Ula (smallest) and each symbolizes Satan.
The distance between Jamarat al-Ula to Jamarat al-Wusta is 150m and the distance between Jamarat al-Wusta to Jamarat Aqaba is estimated around 190m.

Yawm al-Tarwiyah
Hajj Day 1:
8th of Dhul Hijjah

The first day of Hajj, known as Yawm al-Tarwiyah, marks the beginning of Hajj. Pilgrims enter into Ihram and travel to Mina, spending the night there. This day serves as a time for pilgrims to mentally and spiritually prepare themselves for the Day of Arafat. It is a sunnah to perform Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib, and Isha prayers in Mina.

Note:
A time for pilgrims - to mentally and spiritually prepare for the day of Arafat.
Sunnah to perform Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib, and Isha prayers in Mina.

The Day of al-Tarwiyah

Day of Arafat
Hajj Day 2:
9th of Dhul Hijjah

On the second day of Hajj, known as Yawm al-Arafat (the Day of Arafat) or Yawm al-Wuquf (the Day of Standing), pilgrims travel to the plain of Arafat where they combine Dhuhr and Asr prayers and engage in Wuquf, the most solemn rite of the Hajj. After sunset, they leave for Muzdalifah without performing Maghrib salah.

Note:
To leave for Muzdalifah without performing Maghrib salah.

Ketentuan Wukuf di Arafah, Doa, Tanggal dan Waktunya

Himpunan Doa Wukuf Untuk Hari Arafah Yang Mustajab

Muzdalifah
Hajj Day 2:
10th of Dhul Hijjah

Useful links:

After Wuquf on the second day of Hajj, pilgrims move from Arafat to Muzdalifah. This part of Hajj involves praying Maghrib and Isha salah in Muzdalifah, gathering pebbles for Rami al-Jamarat and spending the night under the open sky. After sunset, it becomes the 10th of Dhul Hijjah since the Islamic day begins at the time of Maghrib.

Note: To perform Maghrib and Isha at Muzdalifah

The name Muzdalifah is derived from the Arabic verb “izdalafa”, which means “to approach” or “to come near”. Muzdalifah is also known as al-Mashar al-Haram, which is mentioned in the Quran: Surah al-Baqarah 2:198.

Maghrib and Isha, in the form of Qasr, will be performed together at the time of Isha. If you arrive in Muzdalifah early, you must wait until the time of Isha comes before you can perform the prayers.
If Isha salah is performed first, it must be repeated again after Maghrib salah.
The prayers are performed as follows:
There is one adhan.
Iqama is made for Maghrib.
Takbir is made for Maghrib fardh salah, and three rak’ahs are performed.
After the prayer is completed, while standing, recite Takbir al-Tashreeq. Iqama is made for Isha salah.
Takbir is made for Isha fardh salah and two rak’ahs are performed.
After the prayer is completed, recite Takbir al-Tashreeq and Talbiyah.
Perform two rak’ahs sunnah of Maghrib.
Witr salah is performed thereafter.

If a person engages in any of the following actions without a valid reason, their salah will still be valid, but the reward for their Hajj will be diminished:
(a) Performing the prayers at their respective times instead of combining them.
(b) Performing jama’ al-taqdim (combining the two prayers at the time of the first prayer) instead of jama’ al-ta’khir (combining them at the time of the second prayer).
(c) Choosing to join the two prayers but performing them individually instead of behind the Imam, or performing one behind the Imam and the second individually.

Please note: If you are still in Arafat, stuck on the coach in traffic, or making your way to Muzdalifah and you fear that the time of Isha will expire, causing you to miss the prayers, the Maghrib and Isha prayers should be combined and performed on the way to Muzdalifah. Generally, if you haven’t reached Muzdalifah by the end of the night, perform the prayers in the position that you are in.

Points to be remembered:

At Muzdalifah, you will stay under the night sky. There are no tents or other accommodation facilities here. Although there are plenty of lights, it is still fairly dark and can prove quite difficult to distinguish between people.
As soon as you disembark the coach, stay near your group. If you are a woman, ensure you stay with your husband/Mahram and do not wander off alone.
Toilets and wudhu facilities are available but will be crowded, so patience must be exercised. Sometimes, the long queues force pilgrims to use the bushes or mountains.
For this reason, you are advised to use the toilet before you leave Arafat.
The boundaries for Muzdalifah are indicated by large purple signposts. There is also a mosque in Muzdalifah known as Masjid al-Mashar al-Haram, which is on the site of what used to be a small mountain.
If you get a chance after salah, go for a walk around Muzdalifah. The multitudes of people within Muzdalifah are certainly an amazing sight. However, make sure you don’t get lost.
Take great care in Muzdalifah. It’s a good idea to always carry a mobile phone and a torch (flashlight) with you.

Collecting Pebbles
You need to collect a total of 49 pebbles to perform Rami over the next three days.
The breakdown is as follows:
(a) 7 for the 10th of Dhul Hijjah.
(b) 21 for the 11th of Dhul Hijjah.
(c) 21 for the 12th of Dhul Hijjah.
It is advised, however, that you pick up a further 21 pebbles as a precautionary measure to bring your total up to 70.
When you’re throwing the pebbles at the Jamarat, you may miss the target, or some pebbles may fall from your hand. It’s better to have more than to have less.

It is a sunnah to collect the pebbles in the morning as the Prophet ﷺ had done, although collecting them during the night is also perfectly acceptable.

Jamarat:

Ula (Shughra) - Wustha, - Aqabah (Kubra)

Stoning of the Devil – 3 Stone pillars

Rejam Syaitan – 3 Tiang Batu

The Jamarats are located on the far side of Mina, i.e., at the end closest to Makkah.
Walking to the Jamarat from your camp in Mina, through a series of tunnels, would prove easier than travelling there by coach.

The times for stoning the Jamarat
The time for stoning Jamarat al-`Aqabah is on the day of `Eid after the sun has risen and lasts until sunset on the day of `Eid.
The stoning on the days of Tashriq starts from when the sun passes its zenith (i.e., when the time for Zuhr prayer begins) and ends at the end of the night.

Stoning the three Jamarat:
Stoning the three Jamarat after the first day, the time starts from the afternoon of each day until dawn of the next day in (the opinion of) most schools of thought.
However, according to the Shaafa’is, the time for stoning begins every day in the afternoon, and continues until sunset from the last days of al-Tashreeq, but the stoning is not valid for a day except after stoning a day preceding it.
According to Abu Hanifa, it is the fourth day of the Eid, which is the last day of slaughtering. The time for stoning begins from dawn until sunset the next. Therefore, the person in a hurry can throw it before afternoon and leave. Ishaq said: The first day of al-Nufra (which is the third) is like the fourth time in which the time for stoning begins at dawn as well, in order to facilitate the one who wants to leave during it.(As in Naylul Awtar of Al-Shawkani).
With regard to the second day of Eid, the majority believe that the time for stoning on it begins from noon, so it is not valid to throw it before the afternoon, because he did not refrain from it. In another saying by the Hanafis as well, other than the well-known statement: that the second and third days are also permissible to perform stoning on them before the afternoon. Accordingly, on all the four days, there is room for stoning from the morning before the midday, in various jurisprudence, even if it is not on the day of leaving for the one who is in haste and others. This is because stoning before the afternoon is a great deal of ease for the people, even if they are not in a hurry to leave for the sake of sacrifice. The dweller may also need to throw early in order to avoid the large crowds in the hot temperature. It is no secret that the person responsible has to follow one of the recognized schools of thought. Whichever one of them he follows, Almighty Allah will accept it, for religion is mainly for simplicity according to the text of the reliable Hadith.

Note:
The three stone pillars at which the pilgrims cast pebbles during the Hajj.
The three stone pillars are Jamarat al-Aqaba (biggest), Jamarat al-Wusta and Jamarat al-Ula (smallest) and each symbolizes Satan.
Distances:
Jamarat al-Ula to Jamarat al-Wusta = 150m
Jamarat al-Wusta to Jamarat Aqaba = 190m

The date/times for stoning the Jamarat
The breakdown is as follows:

(a) 7 for the 10th of Dhul Hijjah

(After the sun has risen and lasts until sunset on the day of `Eid).

(b) 21 for the 11th of Dhul Hijjah.

(The stoning on the days of Tashriq starts from when the sun passes its zenith (i.e., when the time for Zuhr prayer begins) and ends at the end of the night).

(c) 21 for the 12th of Dhul Hijjah.

(The stoning on the days of Tashriq starts from when the sun passes its zenith (i.e., when the time for Zuhr prayer begins) and ends at the end of the night).

Jamarah al-Aqaba (the big pillar) is the one located closest to Makkah, Jamarat al-Ula (the small pillar) is located near Masjid al-Khayf in Mina and Jamarat al-Wusta (the medium pillar) is located between the big and small pillars.

Pelting can be performed between the time of Fajr salah on the 10th and the time of Fajr salah on the 11th. However, there are various times of the day when pelting is more virtuous than other times. These times are as follows:
1. Before Fajr salah – Not allowed to pelt.
2. Between Fajr salah and sunrise – Disliked (makruh) for men, but still valid and permissible for women, the elderly and the infirm.
3. Sunrise to midday (10 minutes before the beginning of Dhuhr salah) – Sunnah. Try to perform Rami at this time, provided it isn’t too crowded.
4. Between midday and sunset – Permissible (mubah) without being disliked.
5. Between sunset and Fajr salah (of the 11th) – Disliked (makruh) for men, but still valid and permissible for women, the elderly and the infirm.br>

The busiest time for performing Rami is just after midday.
There is less crowding immediately before or after Asr salah and during the night, so performing Rami during these times would be ideal if you want to avoid the congestion.

Rami al-Jamarat

Melontar Jamrat

Waktu dan Cara Pelemparan Jumrah Ula, Wustha, dan Aqabah bagi Jamaah Haji

Apa yang Dilakukan Jamaah Haji Saat di Arafah, Muzdalifah, dan Mina (Armuzna)?

Yawn al-Nahr (The Day of Secrifice)
Hajj Day 3:
10th of Dhul Hijjah

The third day of Hajj is known as Yawm al-Nahr (the Day of Sacrifice) on account of the large amount of animals that are slaughtered as sacrifices.
This is Eid day, although pilgrims don’t partake in celebrations as would normally be the case for non-pilgrims.
After Fajr prayer, pilgrims proceed to Mina to commence the rituals of Yawm al-Nahr. Here, they perform the act of Rami (pelting) at Jamarah al-Aqaba, the big pillar.
Following this, pilgrims fulfil the obligation of Hady by sacrificing an animal, followed by the act of Halq/Taqsir, where they shave or trim their hair, leaving the state of Ihram.
Subsequently, pilgrims proceed to Makkah to perform Tawaf al-Ziyarah and Sa’i.

Note:
Rituals in Mina Once you’re back in Mina on the 10th of Dhul Hijjah, you will partake in these rituals in the following sequence:
(a) Rami (pelting) of Jamarah al-Aqaba (the big pillar).
(b) Hady (sacrificing an animal) – this is only wajib (obligatory) for pilgrims performing Hajj al-Tamattu and Hajj al-Qiran.
For those performing Hajj al-Ifrad, Hady is recommended.
(c) Halq/Taqsir (cutting the hair).
(d) Tawaf al-Ziyarah and Sa’i.

On the 10th of Dhul Hijjah, only Jamarah al-Aqaba (the big pillar) will be pelted.
You must not pelt the small and medium pillars on this occasion, although a penalty will not be due if they are pelted erroneously.
The pillars are clearly marked with signposts in both English and Arabic, so make sure you identify the big pillar before you pelt.

Ayyam al-Tashreeq
(The days of Drying Meat)
Hajj Days 4-6:
11th-13th of Dhul Hijjah

The final three days of Hajj are known as Ayyam al-Tashreeq (the Days of Drying Meat). Pilgrims continue their pilgrimage with the stoning of the Jamarat and performing Tawaf al-Wida, marking the completion of Hajj.
The final three days of Hajj are known as Ayyam al-Tashreeq (Arabic: أيام التشريق; “the Days of Drying Meat”) because the early pilgrims would preserve the meat acquired from animal sacrifices by seasoning it with salt and letting it dry in the sun to prevent it from going rotten.
About these days, the Prophet ﷺ said:
The days of Tashreeq are the days of eating and drinking. [Narrated in Sahih Muslim]

Note:
Pelting must be performed after Zawwal (midday) on the 11th and before Fajr on the 12th.
After Zawwal, preferably before or after Asr when there should be less of a crowd, proceed to the Jamarat with about 30 stones.
You will need seven stones for each pillar, but keep some spare stones with you if you need them.
It is sunnah to pelt Jamarah al-Ula (the small pillar) first, followed by du’a, then Jamarah al-Wusta (the middle pillar), followed by du’a and finally Jamarah al-Aqaba (the big pillar), with no du’a thereafter.

On the 10th of Dhul Hijjah, only Jamarah al-Aqaba (the big pillar) will be pelted.
You must not pelt the small and medium pillars on this occasion, although a penalty will not be due if they are pelted erroneously.
The pillars are clearly marked with signposts in both English and Arabic, so make sure you identify the big pillar before you pelt.

Hajj Day 4
11th of Dhul Hijjah

Timing
There are various times of the day when pelting is more virtuous than other times. These times are as follows:
(a) Before Zawwal (midday) – Not allowed to pelt.
(b) After Zawwal (the beginning time of Dhuhr salah) until sunset – sunnah. Try to perform Rami between these times, provided it isn’t too crowded.
(c) Between sunset and Fajr salah – Disliked (makruh) for men, but still valid and permissible for women, the elderly and the infirm.

It will not be disliked (makruh) for a man who is a Mahram to perform Rami with a woman who is pelting at this time.
After Pelting Upon completion, return to your camp in Mina and spend the day in worship, making the most of your remaining time.
If you have not completed any of the rites of the previous day, you may do so today.

Hajj Day 5
12th of Dhul Hijjah

On this day, you do exactly the same as the previous day, i.e. pelt all three Jamarat.
Pelting must be performed after Zawwal (midday) on the 12th and before Fajr on the 13th.
Ensure any remaining rites you haven’t yet performed are completed before sunset on this day, or a penalty will be necessary for each one missed.

Leaving for Makkah

If you want to leave for Makkah after you have performed Rami, you should do so before sunset.
Departing after sunset is makruh (disliked), although permissible without incurring a penalty.
If you’re still within the boundaries of Mina by the start of Fajr salah on the 13th, it becomes wajib (obligatory) to perform Rami on this day.
Omitting Rami once it has become obligatory will result in a penalty.
It is worth keeping in mind that the Jamarah al-Aqaba (the big pillar) is inside the boundary of Makkah rather than the boundary of Mina.
Therefore, providing you get to this point before Fajr salah on the 13th of Dhul Hijjah, you won’t be obliged to perform Rami on this day.

It’s a good idea to travel to Makkah by foot on this day since vehicular transport can be chaotic.

Wadi al-Muhassab
On the way back to Makkah, it is a sunnah to stop in an area called Wadi al-Muhassab, as was the practice of the Prophet ﷺ.
Anas bin Malik narrated:
The Prophet ﷺ offered the Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib and Isha prayers and slept for a while at a place called al-Muhassab and then rode to the Kaaba and performed Tawaf around it. [Narrated in Sahih al-Bukhari]
Omitting this, however, won’t result in a penalty.

Hajj Day 6
13th of Dhul Hijjah

Although not necessary, it is desirable to remain in Mina on the 13th of Dhul Hijjah and perform Rami on this day.
By this point, all rites of Hajj should have been performed.
If you intend to stay in Mina, ensure you have sufficient food and drink, as most people would have left for Makkah the previous day.
Like the previous two days, all three Jamarat will be pelted.

The timing is as follows:
(a) After the beginning time of Fajr salah until Zawwal (midday) – Makruh (disliked) but permissible.
(b) After Zawwal (the beginning time of Dhuhr salah) until Sunset – Sunnah.

The window ends immediately at sunset.
A penalty will be due if Rami hasn’t been performed by this point.
On completion, leave Mina for Makkah.
You may use private transport or walk.

Tawaf al-Wida (Tawaf al-Sadr)

Tawaf al-Wida (the farewell Tawaf), also known as Tawaf al-Sadr, is the last rite before departure from Makkah. It is wajib (obligatory) and must be performed before leaving the boundaries of the Haram. Omitting this Tawaf without a valid reason will result in a penalty.
Women in a state of major ritual impurity, as well as residents living within the boundary of the Haram, are not obligated to perform this Tawaf.
Abdullah ibn Abbas narrated:
The people were ordered to perform the Tawaf of the Kaaba (Tawaf al-Wida) as the last thing before leaving (Makkah), except the menstruating women who were excused.
[Narrated in Sahih al-Bukhari]

Timing
Tawaf al-Wida may be performed any time after Tawaf al-Ziyarah, although it is preferable that it is performed before departure from Makkah.
Therefore, if you plan to stay in Makkah for a few extra days, you may perform normal ibadah as you did before the days of Hajj, ensuring you perform the Tawaf just before you leave.
Any Tawaf performed after Tawaf al-Ziyarah will count as Tawaf al-Wida, even if its intention was not made or an intention for nafl Tawaf was made.
Performing Tawaf al-Wida Complete the seven circuits of Tawaf and perform two rak’ahs of salah at Maqam Ibrahim thereafter. You should also drink some Zamzam water.
Please note that Raml (uncovering your right shoulder in Ihram) or Idtiba (walking briskly) should not be practised during this Tawaf.
There is no Sa’i thereafter, nor should the hair be cut.